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Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources
Amandla "Sasol" Youtube. Youtube, 28 Aug. 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
The song “Sasol” was useful because it provided a song that was sung during the apartheid era. It was written for the blacks to express their feelings while protesting apartheid.
Anti-Apartheid Symbol. Digital image. Daily Kos. Daily Kos, 17 Nov. 2011. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This is a photograph of an anti-apartheid button. It was used in the page “Apartheid Then and Now” to give readers an idea of the methods used to protest apartheid.
Boycott Apartheid. Digital image. ESPN Scrum. ESPN Sports Media, n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This photograph is of a riot protesting apartheid. It was used in the “Riots” page of the website to show the conditions during a riot.
Dhladhla, Walter. Mandela Casting Vote 1994. Digital image. Would You Write Your High
School in Your Will? Mandela Did. GlobalPost, 4 Feb. 2014. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.
This is a photograph of Mandela casting his first vote in 1994. It was used in the “Presidency” page to show how overjoyed Mandela was to finally be allowed to cast his vote.
Floral Tributes to Nelson Mandela. Digital image. South Africa Begins Life without Nelson
Mandela. Associated Press, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
This image shows civilians paying tribute to Nelson Mandela after he died. It was used in the “Legacy” to show acknowledgement Mandela was given by South Africans that remembered him as a great leader.
Free Mandela. Digital image. The Trial of Nelson Mandela. The Trial of Nelson Mandela, n.d.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This image shows an act of vandalism that was done by a civilian protesting the imprisonment of Mandela. The sign reads, “FREE MANDELA.” We used it in the slideshow part of the “HOME” page to show how civilians felt about Mandela’s imprisonment.
Jackson, Chris. Nelson Mandela. Digital image. Museum Minute. N.p., 18 July 2012. Web. 27
Feb. 2015.
This image shows Nelson Mandela. It was used in Home page to give the reader a preliminary look at Mandela.
Mandela Inauguration. Digital image. Black Voices. Huffington Post, 10 May 2013. Web. 28
Feb. 2015.
This image provided a view for the reader of what Mandela looked like when he promised to help South Africa become a “rainbow nation.” It was used in the “Presidency” page.
Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom. Dir. Justin Chadwick. Anchor Bay Entertainment, 2014. DVD.
This movie provides a visual image of Mandela’s – from beginning to end. It shows a vivid picture of the Rivonia Trial and what the Judge said and how the culprits felt.
Mandela, Nelson. Notes to the Future: Words of Wisdom. 1st ed. New York: Atria, 2012. Print.
This book was useful because it provided a whole book of quotes said by Nelson Mandela, people he knew, and people during his time. We used many of the quotes that can be found throughout the entire website.
Mandela Nobel Peace Prize. Digital image. Time. Time, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 27 Feb. 2015.
This image provides us with a picture of Mandela and deKlerk receiving the Nobel peace prize. It was used in the slideshow on the “Home” page.
Mandela on front cover of The Daily Telegraph. Digital image. Nelson Mandela: How The
Telegraph's Front Pages Covered His Life. The Telegraph, 6 Dec. 2013. Web.
This image provides a description of what locals thought when Mandela was released. It also show that the freeing of Mandela was an important event. We used this picture on the “Leadership” page because he was viewed as a leader in the fight against apartheid.
"Mandela on Kids and Family: Top Quotes." The Christian Science Monitor. The Christian
Science Monitor, n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2015
This website had many helpful quotes in which we used to convey Mandela’s feelings on children and families. We found this website very useful because it gave a good approach on not only politics, but kids and families as well. It is a primary source because Mandela said these things that were quoted in the website.
Mandela picture and quote. Digital image. Nelson Mandela ….. 95th Birthday!!! N.p., 18 July
2013. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This image shows a portrait of Nelson Mandela on the right side of a quote that talks about his struggle for freedom. We used it in the “Leadership” page.
Mandela Release From Prison. Digital image. Nelson Mandela’s Speech Upon Release From
Prison Speech. Kenya Today, 25 June 2013. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This image shows Mandela walking out of the gates of prison. We used it in the “Presidency” because it was around the same time period as his presidency era.
MATRIX. Homelands (Bantustans). Digital image. Homelands (Bantustans). South Africa: Overcoming Apartheid, Building Democracy, 1984. Web. 19 May 2015.
This picture was useful because it helped us convey the regions that were affected by the apartheid laws which separated blacks from whites. We put it in the "Apartheid: Then and Now" page.
McHenry, Trish. Mandela greets children in Cape Town. Digital image. Keeping Nelson
Mandela's Legacy Alive. Cable News Network, 18 July 2011. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This image shows Mandela as he greets children in Cape Town, South Africa. He is smiling and looks glad to greet the children, which will be the future generation of South Africa. We used this image in the page “Later Life and Retirement.”
National Party Symbol. Digital image. National Party South Africa. National Party South Africa,
n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This is an image of the National Party Symbol. It shows a symbol of a political group that held power in South Africa founded in 1915. We used it in the page “Apartheid Then.”
Nelson Mandela. Digital image. A Tribute to Nelson Mandela. International Medical Corps., 6
Dec. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows people paying a tribute to Nelson Mandela. We placed this image in the page “Legacy.” It was helpful because it provided details to how people honored his legacy that he left behind when he died.
Nelson Mandela. Digital image. BU Today. Boston University, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This shows Nelson Mandela as a young lawyer. We used this picture in the page “Early Life.” It was helpful because it gave us an idea of what he looked like in the years before he began joining political riots.
Nelson Mandela. "Nobel Lecture." Nobel Lecture. Nobel Media AB, 1993. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.
This website was of Nelson Mandela’s speech that he gave upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize with deKlerk. It was helpful because it provided information about how he demonstrated leadership throughout the years to be able to receive this high award.
Nelson Mandela Speech after Elected President. Perf. Nelson Mandela. Youtube. Youtube, 1 Apr.
2012. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This source provided us with Nelson Mandela’s presidential speech. We found this helpful because it showed us what he dreamed of accomplishing while being president. It also showed what he thought of his past years before being elected president.
Passbook. Digital image. Global Discussion. Global Discussion, 8 Dec. 2013. Web. 28
Feb. 2015.
This image is of a black man’s passbook, which he would have to carry around as his identification from day to day. We used it in the “Apartheid Then” page.
Pettersson, Anders. Mandela 1999. Digital image. Activist and Peacemaker Nelson Mandela
Dead at 95. WHYY, 5 Dec. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This is an image of Nelson Mandela, taken in 1999. This was helpful because it provided us with an image of how he looked in 1999. We used this picture in the page “Later Life.”
Prisoners Crushing Rocks at Robben Island. Digital image. The Prisoner. Pbs, n.d. Web. 2 Mar.
2015.
This picture is of prisoners at Robben Island crushing the rock limestone. We found this helpful because it showed the harsh work and conditions that prisoners had to face while at Robben Island. We used the picture in the page “Imprisonment.”
Resettlement Villages. Digital image. A Legacy of Apartheid. American Edu, n.d. Web. 22 Mar.
2015.
This picture shows resettlement villages in Qunu with a South African flag being raised as a South African village. It shows that they were trying to improve the conditions for South Africans. We used this picture in the page “Early Life.”
Rivonia Trialist Supporters, Led by Gertude Shope and Other Activists, outside the Palace of
Justice. Digital image. Rivonia Trial 1963-1964. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows Rivonia Trialist Supporters gathered together. We found it helpful because it shows that some were in favor of the culprits going to prison and some were not in favor of the culprits going to prison.
Samson, Trevor. Mandela Speech 1990. Digital image. Two Mandela Speeches That Made
History. Ideastream, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows Nelson Mandela giving a speech in 1990. We found this picture helpful because it shows how he felt so much for South Africans and how he wanted to improve their lives. We used this picture in the page “Leadership.”
Shot of the Palace of Justice during a Lunch Recess, Seen from the Supporters’ Point of View.
Rivonia Trial. Digital image. Rivonia Trial 1963-1964. South African History Online, n.d. Web.
16 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows a picture of supporters in front of a courthouse, or Palace of Justice, during a Lunch Recess. We found this image helpful because it showed how supporters would stand outside the courthouse in protest or in support of the event being talked about. We used this image in the page “Riots.”
Shuga, Brown. ANC Logo. Digital image. Just Curious. N.p., 10 Mar. 2010. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This is an image of the African National Congress, or ANC’s logo. The ANC played a big role in the Apartheid and Mandela era. We used this picture in the page “Apartheid Then.”
Unity in Diversity. Digital image. African National Congress. African National Congress, n.d.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This picture is of the “Unity in Diversity” campaign. We found this picture helpful because it showed a campaign that took place while Mandela lived. We used this in the slideshow of the “Home page.”
Secondary Sources
AFP. People wait for the convoy carrying the remains of Nelson Mandela in Mthatha. Digital image. Thousands Gather to Say Bye to Nelson Mandela. The Telegraph, 14 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
The image is an of many gathered to pay back for all that Mandela has done to them. The image shows them waving good bye to Mandela. This is after Mandela has died. This was useful because it shows how Mandela was remembered by many throughout the world.
AFP. Remains of Nelson Mandela. Digital image. Thousands Say Goodbye as Nelson Mandela’s Body Is Taken to Qunu for Funeral. The Telegraph, 14 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
This image is an image of many people gathered at Mandela’s funeral. It is in the legacy page and helps show how many were sad after Mandela died as they payed tribute by attending his funeral. This image shows a visual of how he was a great leader. The funeral shows many trying to pay him back for what he has done by attending his funeral.
"Background to the Freedom Charter 1955." Background to the Freedom Charter 1955. South
African History Online, n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.
This article was about the the freedom charter that took place after the major campaign Mandela led (defiance campaign). This was very useful because it was helped us better understand this event.
Beck, Roger B. The History of South Africa. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2000. Print.
This book provided us with information on the post-apartheid years as well as the years under white domination. The book was very descriptive about the political circumstances by explaining what political party was leading and decisions the government made including policies and laws. Also, the book gave a lot of information on how South Africa was doing economically under apartheid. Lastly, the book gave us information on South Africa socially by including how people were affected by different policies, campaigns, and laws. The book was very descriptive.
Beck, Roger B. The History of South Africa. 2nd ed. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood, 2014. Print.
This book was the second edition of the one before, and was very descriptive in political, economic, and social circumstances under apartheid and in the post-apartheid generation. This book provided more information on continuity of apartheid in South Africa by showing the different problems in the post-apartheid generation.
Bibliography Picture. Digital image. Bibliography on Undergraduate Eduacation. Association of Universities and Colleges Canada, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
This picture of the word "bibliography" was helpful because it made it easier for the viewer/reader to access the pages quickly. We used it in the "More" page because it is hyper linked to the "Annotated Bibliography" page.
"Biography of Nelson Mandela." Biography Nelson Mandela Foundation. Nelson Mandela Foundation, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2015.
This was a very useful website because it provided information about Nelson Mandela in an easy way to understand Mandela life under apartheid and his struggle against it. Also, it the website broke down his life into sections about his life which was very useful in putting together a timeline of Nelson Mandela.
"Commencement of the Immorality Act." Commencement of the Immorality Act. South African
History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This is one of the laws of apartheid; the website helped to give an in-depth description of the Immortality Act and how people were affected about it.
Goldberg, David Theo. Meeting to Launch Defiance Campaign. Digital image. Meeting to Launch Defiance Campaign. Threat of Race, 22 Oct. 2008. Web. 19 May 2015.
This picture gave us insight on what the defiance campaign's aim was and how it was carried out. We used this picture in the page, "Defiance Campaign."
History.com Staff. "Apartheid." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2010. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.
This website provided information about the Apartheid era. This was very descriptive and summarized the how apartheid affected many. This article helped to back up some of the points we learned from other websites.
History.com Staff. "Nelson Mandela." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 01
Mar. 2015.
This website was very useful in that it provided another point of view about Nelson Mandela. This helped us to better understand Mandela’s life because we were able to gather different views. Also, it gave an ample supply of information regarding Mandela.
Keller, Bill. Tree Shaker: The Story of Nelson Mandela. Boston: Kingfisher, 2008. Print.
This book provided us with ample information on Nelson Mandela’s life. it provided us with information that we included in our “Early life” portion of our website.
Kramer, Ann. Mandela: The Rebel Who Led His Nation to Freedom. Washington, D.C.:National Geographic, 2005. Print.
This book provided us with lots of information about the Apartheid era, as well as how Mandela played a rule in this era. This book had a lot of visuals which helped us better understand the apartheid era. We used this book in learning a lot of information about the era.
Ludden, Jennifer. "Nelson Mandela: An Audio History." NPR. NPR, 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2015. Keeping Nelson Mandela's Legacy Alive. Cable News Network, 18 July 2011. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This was an audio that helped us understand the Mandela’s leadership that leads to a global legacy and all explains how many are trying to keep his legacy alive. This helped because it helped us understand how his leadership was very important to how long his legacy will be alive.
Miliband, David. Nelson Mandela Statue. Digital image. Nelson Mandela- True Hero. International Rescue Committee, 12 Sept. 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2015.
This image is an image of a statue of Mandela. It was used on the Legacy page. This image was very helpful because it showed that his leadership was known throughout the world and is recognized greatly.
"Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela." Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This is an biography of Mandela and gives an explanation of his life and time of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. Also, this gives another point of view. This was very descriptive and helped us understand his life better.
Newman, Katherine. "South Africa Through the Eyes of a Post-apartheid Generation." Interview by Rachel Martin. South Africa Through the Eyes of a Post-Apartheid Generation. NPR, 4 May 2014. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This audio provided a look at the post-apartheid generation through one perspective. This audio helped us to understand the post-apartheid generation as an overview of what still is happening in South Africa after Mandela ended apartheid. This helps us understand the circumstances after apartheid.
"Oliver Reginald Tambo | South African History Online." Oliver Reginald Tambo. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This website helped us to understand how Oliver Tambo was a good friend to Mandela and his opinions of him. Also, Tambo played an important role in Mandela’s life. The website showed how he helped form a different point of view.
Paper and Pen. Digital image. Paper and Pen Clipart. Clipart Panda, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
This picture gave us a visual of a paper and pen so that it would be easier for the viewer/reader to connect to each of the pages faster. It is on the "More" page because it is hyper linked to the page called "Process Paper" and one can easily click the timeline picture and be directed to the "Process Paper" page.
Pearson, Michael, and Tom Cohen. "Life under Apartheid: Demeaning, Often Brutal - CNN.com." CNN.
This report on life under apartheid was very useful because it helped us understand the circumstances under apartheid. Also, this website provides detailed accounts of how brutal life was in the apartheid era.
South Africa Flag Wallpaper. Digital image. Beauty Places. Beauty Places, 22 June 2013. Web.28 Feb. 2015.
This image was of the South African flag. We used the image on the slideshow in the first page to show Mandela’s nationality and his background.
"SouthAfrica.info." Mining and Minerals in South Africa. South Africa Government, 8 Aug.2012. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This article helped to understand South Africa from an economic stand point. IT also helps to understand that the mining helped to create many jobs to blacks during a campaign that helped blacks. This article was useful because it helps to understand how South Africa could be in a time of disaster (Apartheid Era), and still be supported economically.
"The Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act Commences." The Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act Commences. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 1 Mar. 2015.
This article helped us to understand the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act. It shows the harshness of the Laws of Apartheid. These Laws were very harsh and hurt many families. The article helped to understand so of the restraints under apartheid.
"The African National Congress Website -." Speeches by Nelson Mandela. African National Congress, 2015. Web. 30 Mar. 2015.
This website was very useful because it included most of Mandela’s speeches that we were able to use in our website. This website contained the speeches that we were able to get primary source quotes from.
Thompkins, Gwen. "Race, Income Gap Persistent Problems in South Africa."NPR. NPR, 14 Oct. 2007. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This audio was about the problems in South Africa in the post-apartheid generation. This was very helpful because it showed how many problems still existed after Mandela ended apartheid. The audio also showed continuity of apartheid in South Africa. The audio was very helpful because it helped us to understand the post-apartheid generation, and what still occurs in South Africa.
“Timeline.” Nelson Mandela Foundation. Nelson Mandela Foundation, 2015. Web 27 Mar. 2015
This was very helpful source because it helped place the events in order to better understand Mandela’s life. Also, the timeline included descriptions that also provided links to a better description of the event. The timeline included images for most of the events. We used many of the images to help convey the events visually. This also was helpful in giving many quotes to use in telling Mandela’s story.
Timeline Picture. Digital image. History. Bethel Institute, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
This picture gave us a visual of the word "timeline" so that it would be easier for the viewer/reader to connect to each of the pages faster. It is on the "More" page because it is hyper linked to the page called "Timeline" and one can easily click the timeline picture and be directed to the "Timeline" page.
Tribute to Nelson Mandela from children. Digital image. Children Hold Lamps in Tribute to Nelson Mandela Organized by Aafia Movement. Aafia Movement, 7 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
This image showed children giving tribute to Mandela after he died. The image was used in the Legacy page to show how Mandela is remembered throughout the world. The Aafia movement is not only located in South Africa, but other places around the world.
Umkhonto WeSizwe (MK) | South African History Online." Umkhonto WeSizwe (MK). South African History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This article explains Umkhonto WeSizwe which means Spear of the Nation. The article was useful because it described the intentions of the branch of the ANC that Mandela initiated. We used this article to get a better understanding of the importance of Umkhonto WeSizwe.
van Zuydam, Schalk. Mandela's Birthplace. Digital image. At Mandela’s Birthplace, the Rain Falls and the Memories Follow. Time, 12 Dec. 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2015.
This image shows Mandela’s birthplace. It was used on the early life image website give an understanding of how peaceful his birthplace was before the apartheid era. It also shows that Mandela was not born with the hunger to be free, I was born free.
Virtual Tour. Robben Island Museum, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This virtual tour of Robben Island allowed us to better understand the surroundings of the Robben Island Prison in which Mandela was imprisoned for 18 of the 27 years.
Amandla "Sasol" Youtube. Youtube, 28 Aug. 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
The song “Sasol” was useful because it provided a song that was sung during the apartheid era. It was written for the blacks to express their feelings while protesting apartheid.
Anti-Apartheid Symbol. Digital image. Daily Kos. Daily Kos, 17 Nov. 2011. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This is a photograph of an anti-apartheid button. It was used in the page “Apartheid Then and Now” to give readers an idea of the methods used to protest apartheid.
Boycott Apartheid. Digital image. ESPN Scrum. ESPN Sports Media, n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This photograph is of a riot protesting apartheid. It was used in the “Riots” page of the website to show the conditions during a riot.
Dhladhla, Walter. Mandela Casting Vote 1994. Digital image. Would You Write Your High
School in Your Will? Mandela Did. GlobalPost, 4 Feb. 2014. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.
This is a photograph of Mandela casting his first vote in 1994. It was used in the “Presidency” page to show how overjoyed Mandela was to finally be allowed to cast his vote.
Floral Tributes to Nelson Mandela. Digital image. South Africa Begins Life without Nelson
Mandela. Associated Press, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
This image shows civilians paying tribute to Nelson Mandela after he died. It was used in the “Legacy” to show acknowledgement Mandela was given by South Africans that remembered him as a great leader.
Free Mandela. Digital image. The Trial of Nelson Mandela. The Trial of Nelson Mandela, n.d.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This image shows an act of vandalism that was done by a civilian protesting the imprisonment of Mandela. The sign reads, “FREE MANDELA.” We used it in the slideshow part of the “HOME” page to show how civilians felt about Mandela’s imprisonment.
Jackson, Chris. Nelson Mandela. Digital image. Museum Minute. N.p., 18 July 2012. Web. 27
Feb. 2015.
This image shows Nelson Mandela. It was used in Home page to give the reader a preliminary look at Mandela.
Mandela Inauguration. Digital image. Black Voices. Huffington Post, 10 May 2013. Web. 28
Feb. 2015.
This image provided a view for the reader of what Mandela looked like when he promised to help South Africa become a “rainbow nation.” It was used in the “Presidency” page.
Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom. Dir. Justin Chadwick. Anchor Bay Entertainment, 2014. DVD.
This movie provides a visual image of Mandela’s – from beginning to end. It shows a vivid picture of the Rivonia Trial and what the Judge said and how the culprits felt.
Mandela, Nelson. Notes to the Future: Words of Wisdom. 1st ed. New York: Atria, 2012. Print.
This book was useful because it provided a whole book of quotes said by Nelson Mandela, people he knew, and people during his time. We used many of the quotes that can be found throughout the entire website.
Mandela Nobel Peace Prize. Digital image. Time. Time, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 27 Feb. 2015.
This image provides us with a picture of Mandela and deKlerk receiving the Nobel peace prize. It was used in the slideshow on the “Home” page.
Mandela on front cover of The Daily Telegraph. Digital image. Nelson Mandela: How The
Telegraph's Front Pages Covered His Life. The Telegraph, 6 Dec. 2013. Web.
This image provides a description of what locals thought when Mandela was released. It also show that the freeing of Mandela was an important event. We used this picture on the “Leadership” page because he was viewed as a leader in the fight against apartheid.
"Mandela on Kids and Family: Top Quotes." The Christian Science Monitor. The Christian
Science Monitor, n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2015
This website had many helpful quotes in which we used to convey Mandela’s feelings on children and families. We found this website very useful because it gave a good approach on not only politics, but kids and families as well. It is a primary source because Mandela said these things that were quoted in the website.
Mandela picture and quote. Digital image. Nelson Mandela ….. 95th Birthday!!! N.p., 18 July
2013. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This image shows a portrait of Nelson Mandela on the right side of a quote that talks about his struggle for freedom. We used it in the “Leadership” page.
Mandela Release From Prison. Digital image. Nelson Mandela’s Speech Upon Release From
Prison Speech. Kenya Today, 25 June 2013. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This image shows Mandela walking out of the gates of prison. We used it in the “Presidency” because it was around the same time period as his presidency era.
MATRIX. Homelands (Bantustans). Digital image. Homelands (Bantustans). South Africa: Overcoming Apartheid, Building Democracy, 1984. Web. 19 May 2015.
This picture was useful because it helped us convey the regions that were affected by the apartheid laws which separated blacks from whites. We put it in the "Apartheid: Then and Now" page.
McHenry, Trish. Mandela greets children in Cape Town. Digital image. Keeping Nelson
Mandela's Legacy Alive. Cable News Network, 18 July 2011. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This image shows Mandela as he greets children in Cape Town, South Africa. He is smiling and looks glad to greet the children, which will be the future generation of South Africa. We used this image in the page “Later Life and Retirement.”
National Party Symbol. Digital image. National Party South Africa. National Party South Africa,
n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This is an image of the National Party Symbol. It shows a symbol of a political group that held power in South Africa founded in 1915. We used it in the page “Apartheid Then.”
Nelson Mandela. Digital image. A Tribute to Nelson Mandela. International Medical Corps., 6
Dec. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows people paying a tribute to Nelson Mandela. We placed this image in the page “Legacy.” It was helpful because it provided details to how people honored his legacy that he left behind when he died.
Nelson Mandela. Digital image. BU Today. Boston University, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This shows Nelson Mandela as a young lawyer. We used this picture in the page “Early Life.” It was helpful because it gave us an idea of what he looked like in the years before he began joining political riots.
Nelson Mandela. "Nobel Lecture." Nobel Lecture. Nobel Media AB, 1993. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.
This website was of Nelson Mandela’s speech that he gave upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize with deKlerk. It was helpful because it provided information about how he demonstrated leadership throughout the years to be able to receive this high award.
Nelson Mandela Speech after Elected President. Perf. Nelson Mandela. Youtube. Youtube, 1 Apr.
2012. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This source provided us with Nelson Mandela’s presidential speech. We found this helpful because it showed us what he dreamed of accomplishing while being president. It also showed what he thought of his past years before being elected president.
Passbook. Digital image. Global Discussion. Global Discussion, 8 Dec. 2013. Web. 28
Feb. 2015.
This image is of a black man’s passbook, which he would have to carry around as his identification from day to day. We used it in the “Apartheid Then” page.
Pettersson, Anders. Mandela 1999. Digital image. Activist and Peacemaker Nelson Mandela
Dead at 95. WHYY, 5 Dec. 2013. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This is an image of Nelson Mandela, taken in 1999. This was helpful because it provided us with an image of how he looked in 1999. We used this picture in the page “Later Life.”
Prisoners Crushing Rocks at Robben Island. Digital image. The Prisoner. Pbs, n.d. Web. 2 Mar.
2015.
This picture is of prisoners at Robben Island crushing the rock limestone. We found this helpful because it showed the harsh work and conditions that prisoners had to face while at Robben Island. We used the picture in the page “Imprisonment.”
Resettlement Villages. Digital image. A Legacy of Apartheid. American Edu, n.d. Web. 22 Mar.
2015.
This picture shows resettlement villages in Qunu with a South African flag being raised as a South African village. It shows that they were trying to improve the conditions for South Africans. We used this picture in the page “Early Life.”
Rivonia Trialist Supporters, Led by Gertude Shope and Other Activists, outside the Palace of
Justice. Digital image. Rivonia Trial 1963-1964. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows Rivonia Trialist Supporters gathered together. We found it helpful because it shows that some were in favor of the culprits going to prison and some were not in favor of the culprits going to prison.
Samson, Trevor. Mandela Speech 1990. Digital image. Two Mandela Speeches That Made
History. Ideastream, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows Nelson Mandela giving a speech in 1990. We found this picture helpful because it shows how he felt so much for South Africans and how he wanted to improve their lives. We used this picture in the page “Leadership.”
Shot of the Palace of Justice during a Lunch Recess, Seen from the Supporters’ Point of View.
Rivonia Trial. Digital image. Rivonia Trial 1963-1964. South African History Online, n.d. Web.
16 Mar. 2015.
This picture shows a picture of supporters in front of a courthouse, or Palace of Justice, during a Lunch Recess. We found this image helpful because it showed how supporters would stand outside the courthouse in protest or in support of the event being talked about. We used this image in the page “Riots.”
Shuga, Brown. ANC Logo. Digital image. Just Curious. N.p., 10 Mar. 2010. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This is an image of the African National Congress, or ANC’s logo. The ANC played a big role in the Apartheid and Mandela era. We used this picture in the page “Apartheid Then.”
Unity in Diversity. Digital image. African National Congress. African National Congress, n.d.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This picture is of the “Unity in Diversity” campaign. We found this picture helpful because it showed a campaign that took place while Mandela lived. We used this in the slideshow of the “Home page.”
Secondary Sources
AFP. People wait for the convoy carrying the remains of Nelson Mandela in Mthatha. Digital image. Thousands Gather to Say Bye to Nelson Mandela. The Telegraph, 14 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
The image is an of many gathered to pay back for all that Mandela has done to them. The image shows them waving good bye to Mandela. This is after Mandela has died. This was useful because it shows how Mandela was remembered by many throughout the world.
AFP. Remains of Nelson Mandela. Digital image. Thousands Say Goodbye as Nelson Mandela’s Body Is Taken to Qunu for Funeral. The Telegraph, 14 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
This image is an image of many people gathered at Mandela’s funeral. It is in the legacy page and helps show how many were sad after Mandela died as they payed tribute by attending his funeral. This image shows a visual of how he was a great leader. The funeral shows many trying to pay him back for what he has done by attending his funeral.
"Background to the Freedom Charter 1955." Background to the Freedom Charter 1955. South
African History Online, n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.
This article was about the the freedom charter that took place after the major campaign Mandela led (defiance campaign). This was very useful because it was helped us better understand this event.
Beck, Roger B. The History of South Africa. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2000. Print.
This book provided us with information on the post-apartheid years as well as the years under white domination. The book was very descriptive about the political circumstances by explaining what political party was leading and decisions the government made including policies and laws. Also, the book gave a lot of information on how South Africa was doing economically under apartheid. Lastly, the book gave us information on South Africa socially by including how people were affected by different policies, campaigns, and laws. The book was very descriptive.
Beck, Roger B. The History of South Africa. 2nd ed. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood, 2014. Print.
This book was the second edition of the one before, and was very descriptive in political, economic, and social circumstances under apartheid and in the post-apartheid generation. This book provided more information on continuity of apartheid in South Africa by showing the different problems in the post-apartheid generation.
Bibliography Picture. Digital image. Bibliography on Undergraduate Eduacation. Association of Universities and Colleges Canada, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
This picture of the word "bibliography" was helpful because it made it easier for the viewer/reader to access the pages quickly. We used it in the "More" page because it is hyper linked to the "Annotated Bibliography" page.
"Biography of Nelson Mandela." Biography Nelson Mandela Foundation. Nelson Mandela Foundation, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2015.
This was a very useful website because it provided information about Nelson Mandela in an easy way to understand Mandela life under apartheid and his struggle against it. Also, it the website broke down his life into sections about his life which was very useful in putting together a timeline of Nelson Mandela.
"Commencement of the Immorality Act." Commencement of the Immorality Act. South African
History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This is one of the laws of apartheid; the website helped to give an in-depth description of the Immortality Act and how people were affected about it.
Goldberg, David Theo. Meeting to Launch Defiance Campaign. Digital image. Meeting to Launch Defiance Campaign. Threat of Race, 22 Oct. 2008. Web. 19 May 2015.
This picture gave us insight on what the defiance campaign's aim was and how it was carried out. We used this picture in the page, "Defiance Campaign."
History.com Staff. "Apartheid." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2010. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.
This website provided information about the Apartheid era. This was very descriptive and summarized the how apartheid affected many. This article helped to back up some of the points we learned from other websites.
History.com Staff. "Nelson Mandela." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 01
Mar. 2015.
This website was very useful in that it provided another point of view about Nelson Mandela. This helped us to better understand Mandela’s life because we were able to gather different views. Also, it gave an ample supply of information regarding Mandela.
Keller, Bill. Tree Shaker: The Story of Nelson Mandela. Boston: Kingfisher, 2008. Print.
This book provided us with ample information on Nelson Mandela’s life. it provided us with information that we included in our “Early life” portion of our website.
Kramer, Ann. Mandela: The Rebel Who Led His Nation to Freedom. Washington, D.C.:National Geographic, 2005. Print.
This book provided us with lots of information about the Apartheid era, as well as how Mandela played a rule in this era. This book had a lot of visuals which helped us better understand the apartheid era. We used this book in learning a lot of information about the era.
Ludden, Jennifer. "Nelson Mandela: An Audio History." NPR. NPR, 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2015. Keeping Nelson Mandela's Legacy Alive. Cable News Network, 18 July 2011. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.
This was an audio that helped us understand the Mandela’s leadership that leads to a global legacy and all explains how many are trying to keep his legacy alive. This helped because it helped us understand how his leadership was very important to how long his legacy will be alive.
Miliband, David. Nelson Mandela Statue. Digital image. Nelson Mandela- True Hero. International Rescue Committee, 12 Sept. 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2015.
This image is an image of a statue of Mandela. It was used on the Legacy page. This image was very helpful because it showed that his leadership was known throughout the world and is recognized greatly.
"Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela." Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This is an biography of Mandela and gives an explanation of his life and time of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. Also, this gives another point of view. This was very descriptive and helped us understand his life better.
Newman, Katherine. "South Africa Through the Eyes of a Post-apartheid Generation." Interview by Rachel Martin. South Africa Through the Eyes of a Post-Apartheid Generation. NPR, 4 May 2014. Web. 2 Mar. 2015.
This audio provided a look at the post-apartheid generation through one perspective. This audio helped us to understand the post-apartheid generation as an overview of what still is happening in South Africa after Mandela ended apartheid. This helps us understand the circumstances after apartheid.
"Oliver Reginald Tambo | South African History Online." Oliver Reginald Tambo. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This website helped us to understand how Oliver Tambo was a good friend to Mandela and his opinions of him. Also, Tambo played an important role in Mandela’s life. The website showed how he helped form a different point of view.
Paper and Pen. Digital image. Paper and Pen Clipart. Clipart Panda, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
This picture gave us a visual of a paper and pen so that it would be easier for the viewer/reader to connect to each of the pages faster. It is on the "More" page because it is hyper linked to the page called "Process Paper" and one can easily click the timeline picture and be directed to the "Process Paper" page.
Pearson, Michael, and Tom Cohen. "Life under Apartheid: Demeaning, Often Brutal - CNN.com." CNN.
This report on life under apartheid was very useful because it helped us understand the circumstances under apartheid. Also, this website provides detailed accounts of how brutal life was in the apartheid era.
South Africa Flag Wallpaper. Digital image. Beauty Places. Beauty Places, 22 June 2013. Web.28 Feb. 2015.
This image was of the South African flag. We used the image on the slideshow in the first page to show Mandela’s nationality and his background.
"SouthAfrica.info." Mining and Minerals in South Africa. South Africa Government, 8 Aug.2012. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This article helped to understand South Africa from an economic stand point. IT also helps to understand that the mining helped to create many jobs to blacks during a campaign that helped blacks. This article was useful because it helps to understand how South Africa could be in a time of disaster (Apartheid Era), and still be supported economically.
"The Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act Commences." The Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act Commences. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 1 Mar. 2015.
This article helped us to understand the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act. It shows the harshness of the Laws of Apartheid. These Laws were very harsh and hurt many families. The article helped to understand so of the restraints under apartheid.
"The African National Congress Website -." Speeches by Nelson Mandela. African National Congress, 2015. Web. 30 Mar. 2015.
This website was very useful because it included most of Mandela’s speeches that we were able to use in our website. This website contained the speeches that we were able to get primary source quotes from.
Thompkins, Gwen. "Race, Income Gap Persistent Problems in South Africa."NPR. NPR, 14 Oct. 2007. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This audio was about the problems in South Africa in the post-apartheid generation. This was very helpful because it showed how many problems still existed after Mandela ended apartheid. The audio also showed continuity of apartheid in South Africa. The audio was very helpful because it helped us to understand the post-apartheid generation, and what still occurs in South Africa.
“Timeline.” Nelson Mandela Foundation. Nelson Mandela Foundation, 2015. Web 27 Mar. 2015
This was very helpful source because it helped place the events in order to better understand Mandela’s life. Also, the timeline included descriptions that also provided links to a better description of the event. The timeline included images for most of the events. We used many of the images to help convey the events visually. This also was helpful in giving many quotes to use in telling Mandela’s story.
Timeline Picture. Digital image. History. Bethel Institute, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
This picture gave us a visual of the word "timeline" so that it would be easier for the viewer/reader to connect to each of the pages faster. It is on the "More" page because it is hyper linked to the page called "Timeline" and one can easily click the timeline picture and be directed to the "Timeline" page.
Tribute to Nelson Mandela from children. Digital image. Children Hold Lamps in Tribute to Nelson Mandela Organized by Aafia Movement. Aafia Movement, 7 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Mar. 2015.
This image showed children giving tribute to Mandela after he died. The image was used in the Legacy page to show how Mandela is remembered throughout the world. The Aafia movement is not only located in South Africa, but other places around the world.
Umkhonto WeSizwe (MK) | South African History Online." Umkhonto WeSizwe (MK). South African History Online, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This article explains Umkhonto WeSizwe which means Spear of the Nation. The article was useful because it described the intentions of the branch of the ANC that Mandela initiated. We used this article to get a better understanding of the importance of Umkhonto WeSizwe.
van Zuydam, Schalk. Mandela's Birthplace. Digital image. At Mandela’s Birthplace, the Rain Falls and the Memories Follow. Time, 12 Dec. 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2015.
This image shows Mandela’s birthplace. It was used on the early life image website give an understanding of how peaceful his birthplace was before the apartheid era. It also shows that Mandela was not born with the hunger to be free, I was born free.
Virtual Tour. Robben Island Museum, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.
This virtual tour of Robben Island allowed us to better understand the surroundings of the Robben Island Prison in which Mandela was imprisoned for 18 of the 27 years.